Level Extreme platform
Subscription
Corporate profile
Products & Services
Support
Legal
Français
Articles
Search: 

Creating a MHTML file from a URL
Michel Fournier, April 1, 2009
This articles describes the use of CDO.Message to gain the ability to retrieve a URL as a MHT file. It also covers an interesting approach to retrieve a URL even if this one requires a login.
Summary
This articles describes the use of CDO.Message to gain the ability to retrieve a URL as a MHT file. It also covers an interesting approach to retrieve a URL even if this one requires a login.
Description
There is not always someone behind a keyboard when comes time to surf the net. In some of those cases, a robot application might be used to retrieve specific pages from various Web sites. This article describes the use of CDO.Message to gain the ability to retrieve a URL as a MHT file. It also covers an interesting approach to retrieve a URL even if this one requires a login.

Overview

The ability to save a Web page into a MHT format is interesting. First of all, you can do the same in Outlook. If you have an email that you would like to save, you can do a Save As and can select the output to be a MHT file. So, basically, you get it all into one file. The same goes with a Web page. If you do a regular save in your browser, you will end up with a lot of files in a newly created directory containing images and other files that could be needed to display the HTML page. So, saving the page into a MHT format will give you everything into one file.

A simple scenario

I often receive the request to build those robot applications that will do a lot of processes in the background. In some of them, there is sometimes a need to retrieve specific HTML pages from a specific Web page. Then, we can save those pages into MHT files and store them into specific directories which will serve for specific purposes in related applications.

The best approach I have found so far to do this is to make use of the CDO.Message class. To its simplest scenario, we would use the CreateMHTMLBody() method to retrieve the page, get a reference to its streaming object and save that into a file.

Retrieving the page

In this article, I would use a MHTML class where I would need to import two namespaces, there are as follow:

Imports CDO
Imports ADODB
Then, we can define our class, instantiate the CDO.Message object and define a property for our URL and another one for our save location:
    Public Class MHTML

        Public cMHTMLUrl As String = ""
        Public cSaveFile As String = ""

        ' CDO message object
        Private oMessage As CDO.Message = New CDO.Message

    End Class
To retrieve a page, I have created a method called GetMHTML() which we can define like this:
        ' Get the MHTML file
        Public Function GetMHTML() As Boolean
            Dim loStream As ADODB.Stream

            ' Go get the page
            oMessage.CreateMHTMLBody(cMHTMLUrl, CDO.CdoMHTMLFlags.cdoSuppressNone, "", "")

            loStream = oMessage.GetStream()

            ' Save to file
            loStream.SaveToFile(cSaveFile, SaveOptionsEnum.adSaveCreateOverWrite)

            Return True
        End Function
We can then use something like this to make use of this class to retrieve a HTML page:
        Dim loMHTML As MHTML = New MHTML()

        loMHTML.cMHTMLUrl = "http://www.universalthread.com"

        ' Save the file into a directory
        loMHTML.cSaveFile = "d:\test.mht"

        ' Call the GetMHTML() method to retrieve the HTML page and save it into cSaveFile
        If Not loMHTML.GetMHTML() Then
            MessageBox.Show("Unable to get the page")
        End If
Note that in this scenario, I have simply defined the cHTMLUrl property to hit the domain. By default, every Web site as its default page. In the case of the Universal Thread, the default page is Default.aspx. So, we could have defined the cHTMLUrl property like this to provide a better representation of the page we are retrieving:
        loMHTML.cMHTMLUrl = "http://www.universalthread.com/Default.aspx"

Retrieving a page that requires a cookie

For some pages, a cookie might be required to access the page. In a common scenario, a username and a password might have been required to access a specific page. But, in this case, this is all done from a robot application. So, there is nobody behind the keyboard to access the login page to enter the username and the password.

So, we need to find a mechanism to support that. Basically, we need to know the cookie name that the site is using. Then, we need to call the login page before calling our page that we want to retrieve. Finally, once the login is done, we can then associate the cookie to our CDO.Message object and make sure we pass it when we will retrieve our page.

The first thing to do is to add two more properties at the class level. One property will indicate the HTML page to use for our login and another property to indicate what is the cookie name we need to work with:

        Public cCookie As String = ""
        Public cLoginUrl As String = ""

Then, we need to have a way to add into a collection the HTML variables that are required for the authentication. This is usually the username and the password. So, we need to define a new property as the class level for our collection and create a method which will add into the collection the required HTML variables to authenticate:

        ' Collection to hold the form fields to be used when there is a login page
        Private oFormField As Collection = New Collection

        ' Add a form field for the post that can be used to do the login
        ' expC1 Name
        ' expC2 Value
        Public Function AddFormField(ByVal tcName As String, ByVal tcValue As String) As Boolean
            Dim loFormField(2) As Object

            loFormField(1) = tcName
            loFormField(2) = tcValue

            oFormField.Add(loFormField)
        End Function
Then, from our application, we can then add the username and the password variables as follow:
        loMHTML.AddFormField("Username", "MyUsername")
        loMHTML.AddFormField("Password", "MyPassword")
The most difficult part in all this is to build our Login() method. Honestly, I found that one to be difficult to build as there is practically no information on the Internet about that. The only think we find about this CDO.Message class is about constructing emails but not about retrieving a HTML page which especially requires a cookie.

But, after a lot of R & D, I have built the Login() method as follow:

        ' Do the login
        Public Function Login() As Boolean
            Dim lcCookie As String = ""
            Dim lcPostData As String = ""
            Dim llSuccess As Boolean = False
            Dim lnCounter As Integer = 0
            Dim loASCIIEncoding As System.Text.Encoding = New System.Text.ASCIIEncoding
            Dim loByte() As Byte
            Dim loCookieCollection As System.Net.CookieCollection
            Dim loCookieContainer As System.Net.CookieContainer = New System.Net.CookieContainer
            Dim loFormField(2) As Object
            Dim loStreamWebRequest As IO.Stream
            Dim loWebRequest As System.Net.HttpWebRequest
            Dim loWebResponse As System.Net.HttpWebResponse

            ' Get the post data
            For Each loFormField In oFormField
                If lcPostData.Length > 0 Then
                    lcPostData = lcPostData + "&"
                End If
                lcPostData = lcPostData + loFormField(1) + "=" + loFormField(2)
            Next

            loByte = loASCIIEncoding.GetBytes(lcPostData)

            ' Prepare Web request
            loWebRequest = System.Net.WebRequest.Create(cLoginUrl)
            loWebRequest.Method = "POST"
            loWebRequest.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
            loWebRequest.ContentLength = lcPostData.Length

            ' Send the data
            loStreamWebRequest = loWebRequest.GetRequestStream()
            loStreamWebRequest.Write(loByte, 0, loByte.Length)
            loStreamWebRequest.Close()

            loWebRequest.CookieContainer = New System.Net.CookieContainer()

            ' Get the cookie
            loWebResponse = loWebRequest.GetResponse()
            loCookieCollection = loWebRequest.CookieContainer.GetCookies(loWebRequest.RequestUri)

            For lnCounter = 0 To loCookieCollection.Count - 1
                lcCookie = loCookieCollection.Item(lnCounter).Name

                If lcCookie = cCookie Then
                    lcCookie = loCookieCollection.Item(lnCounter).Value

                    ' Define the cookie
                    oMessage.Configuration.Fields.Item(CDO.CdoConfiguration.cdoHTTPCookies).Value = _
                     cCookie + "=" + lcCookie

                    oMessage.Configuration.Fields.Update()
                    Exit For
                End If

            Next

            Return True
        End Function
Basically, what this method does is to call the login page to do our login. It uses the collection we have built to pass those HTML variables. This is done through a POST method. As this login page will set up a cookie, we need to instantiate a cookie container so we can receive it back. As this page may set up additional cookies, we make sure to only store into the CDO.Message object the required cookie which we will then use to retrieve our HTML page.

So, when the need of a login is required to access a specific page, we first call the login page and then our HTML page that we wish to retrieve its content:

        Dim loMHTML As MHTML = New MHTML()

        loMHTML.AddFormField("Username", "MyUsername")
        loMHTML.AddFormField("Password", "MyPassword")
        loMHTML.cLoginUrl = "http://www.mywebsite.com/Login.aspx"
        loMHTML.cCookie = "TheCookieContainingWhatIsNeededToAccessThePage"

        If Not loMHTML.Login() Then
            MessageBox.Show("Unable to log in")
            Exit Sub
        End If

        ' The URL to be returned as MHTML
        loMHTML.cMHTMLUrl = "http://www.mywebsite.com/Account.aspx"

        ' Save the file into a directory
        loMHTML.cSaveFile = "d:\test.mht"

        ' Save to file
        If Not loMHTML.GetMHTML() Then
            MessageBox.Show("Unable to get the page")
            Exit Sub
        End If

More on enhancing this class

This class can be easily enhanced to support a basic authentication. So, for HTML pages that would require a basic authentication, we can easily adjust our class to support that need.

We first create two additional properties which will be used to store the username and the password to be used. We define them as follow:

        Public cPassword As String = ""
        Public cUsername As String = ""
Then, we could adjust our GetMHTML() method as follow:
        ' Get the MHTML file
        Public Function GetMHTML() As Boolean
            Dim loStream As ADODB.Stream

            ' Go get the page
            oMessage.CreateMHTMLBody(cMHTMLUrl, _
             CDO.CdoMHTMLFlags.cdoSuppressNone, cUsername, cPassword)

            loStream = oMessage.GetStream()

            ' Save to file
            loStream.SaveToFile(cSaveFile, SaveOptionsEnum.adSaveCreateOverWrite)

            Return True
        End Function
Basically, this is much easier to handle that the cookie approach.

Conclusion

As you can see, this is pretty much straight forward. As I said, the cookie approach is the most complicated part in all this. But, once it is done, you would not have to worry about it as it is encapsulated into the class. I was still surprise however to see that not too many developers have made a use of the CDO.Message class like this, which is to retrieve a HTML page which requires a cookie.

Michel Fournier, Level Extreme Inc.
Michel Fournier is a professional, visionary, perfectionist, mostly known for his renowned realizations over the years, designer, architect, owner of the « Level Extreme Platform », formerly known as the « Universal Thread », recognized as one of the longest running Web sites of the planet, also known as a precursor to social networking, product manager, Internet serial entrepreneur, practiced Lean Startup techniques long before they were known, out of the box thinker, using the tenth man rule, specializes in building entire virtual data center solutions, has provided high end IT consulting worldwide, has owned and operated three companies, delivered worldwide renowned e-commerce Web sites, designed and architected two world class top level development frameworks, wrote over 100 IT articles for various sources, presented at user groups, conventions and corporations nationwide as well as in the US, has provided his contribution in political and legal issues to provide a better world, Owner and Senior IT Consultant at Level Extreme Inc., former Architect Software/Application & Project Manager, 7 times Microsoft Most Valued Professional for VB.NET, 7 times Microsoft Most Valued Professional for Visual FoxPro, Developers Choice award for best site at VFP DevCon 2000 Connections in New Orleans, featured in Acadie Nouvelle on October 2003.
More articles from this author
Michel Fournier, February 1, 2007
From the Level Extreme .NET Framework, this small class allows a developer to manipulate easily the content of a directory by the use of a dataset. With the setup of a few properties, a call to the method and the access to the object dataset, you can have access to the file properties of the directo...
Michel Fournier, August 1, 2001
It is interesting to see how something new can evolve. This is the case for the Universal Thread Magazine. We are now at our 3rd issue and we are already overbooked by scheduled articles and hot stuff we have to cover for the upcoming issues. Publishers are sending request for book reviews, wri...
Michel Fournier, October 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira M...
Michel Fournier, May 1, 2006
In this article, Michel Fournier is providing a small introduction to manipulating XML data from VB.NET. The use of XML is now widely used for various purposes such as exchanging data between application, platforms and other environments. XML is a simple and very flexibile text format that can be ma...
Michel Fournier, October 1, 2001
In our daily things we do, sometimes we find ourselves in unexpected situations. Such situations, either in our personal life or from our professional work, require some adjustments in order to walk through them. The ability to take some time to take an overall look of what is happening, apply a bas...
Michel Fournier, March 1, 2007
In this small article, Michel discusses a problem he recently encountered when converting a dataset into XML to be used later on with a XSL transformation to export into an Excel sheet. When null values were present in the dataset, this was creating weird result. This article provides a quite alte...
Michel Fournier, February 1, 2006
This article discusses a simple banner fonctionalities function which can ease the display of banners on Web sites. If your Web site displays banners in GIF, JPG of Flash format, this function could be useful to you.
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2006
There are various ways to authenticate a user to a Web Service. This article discusses one way to do it by the use of Cookies. As it could the case with a Web page sending a cookie to the browser, the same can be used from within a Web Service.
Michel Fournier, February 1, 2006
This article is a follow up on the first part of this article which appeared on our January 2006 issue. In this one, Michel discussed further implementation of getting the authentication from a members table as well as setting up a session per user.
Michel Fournier, December 1, 2003
Visual FoxPro and .NET are two great environments to build business applications with. But, fantastic they are when you combine them together in order to increase the strenght of the flexibility to respond to your client needs. In this article, I will demonstrate a case study in regards to a new ser...
Michel Fournier, December 1, 2002
Over the years, I have been involved in several types of desktop and Web applications. Every time you start a new project, there is always something new you will learn. In this article, I would like to detail some of the issues which are to be considered when delivering a Web based application. Thos...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2003
This article is a follow-up with more advanced details in regards to the first article of this series in our December issue which included a tip on dealing with stylesheets. This one allows you to customize your HTML code based on the user, assuming each user has some ways to setup some specific sty...
Michel Fournier, March 1, 2003
The first two articles of this series have been published in the issues of December 2002 and January 2003. In this one, I will talk about graphic issues, how to negotiate with a form to launch his transaction to either within the same window or a new one, how to gather values from one page to anothe...
Michel Fournier, April 1, 2003
In this article, I will proceed with considerations about HTTP server variables being received from a browser and about considerations for opening new windows in your Web application. Relying on the protocol or not When it first started, we didn't ask that question to ourselves as to know ...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2006
Data dictionaries has its use and also for Web applications. I see many developers building Web applications who forget about many structured that used to be in place when developping desktop applications. The same should apply for Web applications as it is no different. This article discusses some ...
Michel Fournier, June 1, 2003
DevTeach was held in Montreal from May 10-13, 2003. It presented a new breed of conference. Sessions included both presentation material and, whenever possible, hands-on training. DevTeach brought under the same roof the best speakers available for .NET, SQL Server and Visual FoxPro as well as Micro...
Michel Fournier, May 1, 2002
The Essential Fox conference was held this weekend in Independence, MO. Once again, the Universal Thread team was on site to do the official coverage of the event. It has been a great success, well planned by Russ Swall, the event owner, and his team and well appreciated by the attendees. A total of...
Michel Fournier, April 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez Claudio Rola José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Ricardo Soares Fábio Vieira ...
Michel Fournier, September 1, 2001
Ever wonder how to successfully and rapidly display HTML lists to your users? Well, we all probably already did. However, its implementation differs a lot from sites to sites as we all have our own different approaches. Delivering Visual FoxPro data to the Web as if you would be in Visual FoxPro is ...
Michel Fournier, November 1, 2001
A lot of things happened recently in the Visual FoxPro world and for related technologies. The Great Lakes Great Database Workshop was being held in Milwaukee from Sunday October 27 to Wednesday October 31. That conference which primaly focused on Visual FoxPro has covered a lot of technologies...
Michel Fournier, December 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira M...
Michel Fournier, November 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira M...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2003
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez Moacyr Zalcman Martín Salías Antonio Castaño Fabián Belo Rafae...
Michel Fournier, November 1, 2001
I have been following several threads on the Universal Thread recently about FTP from Visual FoxPro. I have used an ActiveX for a while to do such a task. I have found that years after years, the problem is that you have to maintain that ActiveX for your own workstation and for every servers or work...
Michel Fournier, July 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira M...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2006
With the beginning of the new year, Michel resumes some of the highlights of the Universal Thread and what is coming up for the new season.
Michel Fournier, March 1, 2006
When comes time to display the content of a memo field on a Web page, one common task we have to do is to hyperlink specific content. This article discusses about a technique which can be used to hyperlink various types of links as well as email addresses.
Michel Fournier, April 1, 2009
This article describes some basic techniques to manipulate some images in .NET. It covers image resizing, image cropping and the ability to save an image into a JPG high resolution format.
Michel Fournier, May 1, 2007
This short articles provides an approach of important data from an Excel sheet into your application without having the requirement of having Excel installed on the server.
Michel Fournier, August 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira M...
Michel Fournier, July 1, 2001
Recently, I was having problems while working on several projects on my PC. The problems were happening when I had several applications open at the same time. When the problem occured, I had to reboot my PC and then was able to work for a few hours up to a few days until the next reboot. As I was wo...
Michel Fournier, June 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira M...
Michel Fournier, September 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Co-editor Martín Salías Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira M...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2001
Xitech (Europe) produces tools for the Windows software developer. They specialize in FoxPro Developer tools, data and code recovery and security. In this article, we will see an overview of 5 of their tools. You will find more details about each of them from Xitech documentation. To get Xitech cont...
Michel Fournier, April 1, 2006
This article discusses the ability to use Visual FoxPro to schedule a list of tasks to be executed at specific intervals. While there could be the approach of using the Windows Scheduler to execute those tasks, it is always interesting to be able to control everything from within VFP. A small VFP sc...
Michel Fournier, April 1, 2006
This article describes an overview of sending an email from VB.NET. It covers the basis of creating the email functionality in a class and using an instance of that class to define and send the email. The class includes the ability to send to multiple recipients as well as sending attachments. Sendi...
Michel Fournier, July 1, 2002
This is a follow up on my previous article on using SOAP protocol for authentication that appeared in our December 2001 issue. That article was mentioning the use of the SOAP header for authentication such as being able to identify the user for any upcoming hit to your Web Service as soon as the Log...
Michel Fournier, May 1, 2002
UTMag/RapoZine team Editors Michel Fournier Claudio Lassala Translation coordinators Claudio Lassala Martín Salías Translators Eduardo Vidigal Rodolfo Duarte Fábio Vazquez José Cavalcanti Moacyr Zalcman Fábio Vieira Martín Salías Antonio Castañ...
Michel Fournier, July 1, 2002
From recent discussions I had, with several persons from my team, about common patterns which occur in the evolution of the Universal Thread, I thought it would be nice to write an article about it. Basically, within the evolution of a product, there are some similitudes which are sometimes interest...
Michel Fournier, June 1, 2001
Welcome to our first issue of the Universal Thread Magazine. We kept receiving many requests to have such a media available on the Universal Thread, so we decided to release our first issue this month. Many people have mentioned an interest to either have such a magazine for the pleasure to read abo...
Michel Fournier, December 1, 2001
The Visual FoxPro Zone evolves As many of you may have seen, the Universal Thread Visual FoxPro Zone is evolving quite fast. In the last month, we added new content in it. As usual, the most popular option is the Toledo Wish List. Several entries are created every day. This is the place to co...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2002
It's January 3rd, 2002, I am writing this editorial at 20h32 EST. The Christmas break is over but was it really a break? More and more, years after years, I keep seeing a lot of persons online during Christmas day or a few minutes before the new year. And, I mean, they are online as per their own ti...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2004
In December 1993, a great history started when a small Web site known as the Visual FoxPro Yellow Pages started. Basically, a site providing ads for Visual FoxPro developers such as jobs and consulting services. Known also as the first Visual FoxPro site, it has evolved quite fast during the first t...
Michel Fournier, January 1, 2006
In the recent months, I have been involved in settings various projects at client sites, as well as for Level Extreme Web sites, which involved the support of uploading image files from an Internet browser. The process of supporting that capability in your application, either from a desktop of from ...
Michel Fournier, December 1, 2001
The Microsoft SOAP client provides access to any Web Service. Once the object is instantiated and the location of the WSDL file given, you are ready to go to access any method. Thus, based on what is supported by the Web Service, you can query to obtain various types of content such as string and bo...
Michel Fournier, February 1, 2002
On January 15th, 2002, an important joint took place for our magazine. The Universal Thread Magazine and RapoZine magazine, an online magazine available for the Portuguese developers community, joined to create UTMag/RapoZine. Effective from this issue, both magazines will offer the same technical c...
Michel Fournier, July 1, 2002
Show seconds in a readable format If you need to check elapsed time with seconds() or a datetime value, this function allows you to display the elapsed time in a human-readable format, that is, hours:minutes:seconds, instead of the total number of seconds. Just pass a number of seconds as...
Michel Fournier, August 1, 2002
Updating your DLL on IIS This has been a common question in the recent months on the Universal Thread. More and more, developers have the need to use a DLL under IIS. However, the fun part comes when you need to update it. As soon as it kicks in, you can't update your DLL anymore as it re...
Michel Fournier, November 1, 2002
Use MemLines() to wrap text lines When you need to wrap some text at a given width (say 75 characters per line), you do it easily with: SET MEMOWIDTH TO 75 lcMemo = lcNewMemo = "" _MLINE = 0 FOR i= 1 TO memlines(lcMemo) lcNewMemo = lcNewMemo ; + MLINE(lcMemo,1,_MLINE...
Michel Fournier, September 1, 2002
Getting image width and height Probably the most flexible way to extract the width and height of an image is by the use of the image object. All is needed is to load the image in the object and get the values from the Width and Height properties. LOCAL loImage,lnWidth,lnHeight loIma...
Michel Fournier, October 1, 2002
Extracting BMPs from general fields As a complement with last issue's article on image handling, yo can find useful this little function. If you got convinced that using general fields to handle images is a bad idea, you can decided go back to independent image files. But then you'll...
Michel Fournier, June 1, 2001
It was a year ago. The DevConnections team was holding the Visual FoxPro DevCon 2000, the SQL Server Connections and the DevCon 2000 in New Orleans, Louisiana from May 14 to 18, 2000. For the first time, attendees were able to attend sessions from more than one conference at the same time. This offe...
Michel Fournier, September 1, 2001
Is there a speed limit on the Internet? Probably not, because there is so much things we can do in a short time about delivering various type of content to the community. I remember a week ago we shared an idea about helping the promotion of user group activities around the world. A week ago it was ...
Michel Fournier, March 1, 2002
In the last month, we received dozens of emails from satisfied persons in regards for our initiative of opening the magazine and the Universal Thread in general for additional communities such as the Portuguese and Spanish communities. Regulars members of the Universal Thread, new members, Microsoft...