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How to make SQL Pass-Through cursor updatable
Vlad Grynchyshyn, April 9, 2002
The SQLEXEC() function in VFP allows downloading of data from any data source through ODBC. Unlike remote views, SQL Pass-Through approach does not provide default (automatic) settings in the returned cursor to update data on the server after changes in the cursor at the client side. Anyway, it is p...
Summary
The SQLEXEC() function in VFP allows downloading of data from any data source through ODBC. Unlike remote views, SQL Pass-Through approach does not provide default (automatic) settings in the returned cursor to update data on the server after changes in the cursor at the client side. Anyway, it is possible to customize required properties to organize updating. First of all, it is recommended to read chapters about SQL Pass Through commands in the MSDN, specially, chapters that explain properties used in this article: Tables, KeyFieldList, UpdatableFieldList, UpdateNameList, SendUpdates. These five properties are essential in organizing updates to remote database. This article is just a source code of the routine that makes SPT cursor updatable for MS SQL Server ODBC data source. It might require changes for other data sources because different format of the database, table and field specifications. In a ddition, the sample is very simple and lack of processing such things as fields containing spaces may create certain problems. This is a sample only that you can use to improve. It is provided as is. It is easy to see the format required for preparing these five properties to make cursor updatable. Create a simple temporary database, add connection to it to data source, then create a view with required (or simplified) query. Open that view and use CursorGetProp() function to see mentioned five properties what is stored in them. This will give you a LOT of information about how you should prepare these properties for SQL Pass-Through cursor. You can organize updating of data on the serevr any way you want. For example, query data from one table or view, and update data in another table. Map field from one field to another on the backend. Create your own custom field that is not returned by query, but pre-filled at the client side and used just to update data. Query data using very complex SELECT statement, sequence of SELECT statements, T-SQL script or stored procedure, then update data from client side (this is completely impossible for remote views, but possible for SQL Pass-Through).
Description
* convert SQL Path Through cursor or remote view cursot to updatable and
* fetchable cursor.
* parameters: cursor name (required)
* ID field name(s) (required)
* source table name(s) on SQL server (required
* comma-separated list of non-updatable OR non-fetchable fields,
* expression fields (optional)
* logical .T. if ID fields should be updatable too. (optional)
* NOTE - to use this routine properly, all fields in cursor should match
*        fields on server.
* NOTE2 - you may manually specify "UpdateNameList" to match cursor field
*         with server fields.
*   This list must be in following format:
*   {cursor field} {server table}.{server field}[, ...]
*   note spaces after ','.
lparameters pcCursorName, pcIDFieldName, pcSourceTables, pcNONUpdatableFields,;
 plUpdateIDField

if cursorgetprop('SourceType', m.pcCursorName)#2
   * cursor not compartible
   return .F.
endif
if !empty(cursorgetprop("Tables",m.pcCursorName))
   * already updatable
   return .T.
endif

m.pcSourceTables = chrtran(m.pcSourceTables, ' ', '')
local llResult, lnFCount, lcFieldsList, lcField, lcKeyField, m.lcUPDFieldsList, lcNewList
m.llResult = CursorSetProp("Tables", ;
 iif("." $ m.pcSourceTables, m.pcSourceTables, ;
 substr( STRTRAN( ',' + m.pcSourceTables, ',', ',dbo.'), 2) ), m.pcCursorName)

if m.llResult
  && prepare strings for exact substring search
   if !(vartype(m.pcNONUpdatableFields) == "C")
      m.pcNONUpdatableFields = ""
   endif
   if !empty(m.pcNONUpdatableFields)
      m.pcNONUpdatableFields = ',' + upper(chrtran(m.pcNONUpdatableFields,' ','')) + ','
   endif
   m.pcIDFieldName = chrtran(m.pcIDFieldName,' ','')
   m.lcKeyField = ',' + upper(m.pcIDFieldName) + ','

   if ',' $ m.pcSourceTables
      m.pcSourceTables = left(m.pcSourceTables,at(',',m.pcSourceTables)-1)
   endif
   if '.' $ m.pcSourceTables
      m.pcSourceTables = substr(m.pcSourceTables, at('.',m.pcSourceTables)+1)
   endif

   m.lcFieldsList = '' && fields for UPDATENAMELIST
   m.lcUPDFieldsList = '' && fields for UPDATABLEFIELDLIST
   for m.lnFCount = 1 to FCOUNT(m.pcCursorName)
      m.lcField = FIELD(m.lnFCount, m.pcCursorName)
      if !(',' + m.lcField + ',' $ m.pcNONUpdatableFields)
         m.lcFieldsList = m.lcFieldsList + ',' + m.lcField + ' dbo.' +;
          m.pcSourceTables + '.' + m.lcField
         if !(',' + m.lcField + ',' $ m.lcKeyField)
            m.lcUPDFieldsList = m.lcUPDFieldsList + ',' + m.lcField
         endif
      endif
   endfor

   m.lcNewList = cursorgetprop("UpdateNameList", m.pcCursorName)
   if !empty(m.lcNewList) and '.' $ m.lcNewList
      m.lcNewList = STRTRAN(m.lcNewList, ', ', ',')
      m.lcNewList = STRTRAN(m.lcNewList, ' ', ' dbo.')
      m.llResult = CursorSetProp("UpdateNameList", ;
      STRTRAN(m.lcNewList, ',', ', '), ;
      m.pcCursorName)
      else
      m.llResult = CursorSetProp("UpdateNameList", substr(m.lcFieldsList, 2),;
       m.pcCursorName)
   endif
   if m.llResult
      m.llResult = CursorSetProp("KeyFieldList", m.pcIDFieldName, m.pcCursorName)
      if m.llResult
         m.llResult = CursorSetProp("UpdatableFieldList",;
          substr(m.lcUPDFieldsList,2), m.pcCursorName)
         if m.llResult
            m.llResult = CursorSetProp("SendUpdates", .T., m.pcCursorName)
         endif
      endif
   endif
endif
return m.llResult
Vlad Grynchyshyn, Soft Serve
Vlad Grynchyshyn is senior developer and project manager at the Ukrainian company "Soft Serve Ltd.", that provides custom-developed software solutions in several areas with use of wide range of development tools and languages. Vlad works in the MS Solutions department of the company, and has experience working with many MS development tools, components, utilities and documentation. Most experience is related to Visual FoxPro, MS SQL Server, Visual Studio and Visual Basic. He is active member of Visual FoxPro and SQL Server community, author of several articles for Universal Thread WEB site and other VFP community forums. He was MS MVP 2001-2002. He has a MS MCP certificate in Visual FoxPro area.
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