>In Russian language Monday - "ponedel'nik" doesn't mean first.

It means "after Sunday", like in other Slavic languages. Funny though, in Hungarian, which has the words for Wednesday to Friday taken from Slavic languages, the word for Tuesday can be traced to the word for two, and the word for Monday is literally "seven main" or "week's main".

>Saturday - "subbota" perhaps comes from Shabbath root,

That's pretty obvious, yes.

>and Sunday - "voskresen'e" again doesn't mean a number.

It means "resurrection", literally. Though in some other Slavic languages, the word for Sunday is "nedelja" - from "ne dela" = works not.

>The simplest and more logical way is in Hebrew:
>Yom Rishon - Day 1 - Sunday
>Yom Sheni - day two - Monday
>Yom Shlishi - day three - Tuesday
>Yom Ravii - day 4 - Wednesday
>Yom Sheni - day 5 - Thursday
>Yom Shishi - day 6 - Friday
>Yom Shabbath - Saturday

It would have helped me if you had the words for numbers along. Can't ask at work, because they'd think I really want to learn Hebrew, and there'd be no end to it :).

So it's logical in Hebrew, mostly logical in Slavic languages and Hungarian, and named after various gods in Romanic and Germanic languages. Now where did they get this glitch in standards, that one group of countries starts the week on Monday, and another on Saturday? I wish I knew.