>>Exactly. Participation is the key issue. An attacker can be in an offside position but if they do not directly participate in the play, it's not an infraction. This does not include just being a visual distraction to a defender -- shame on the defender in that case.
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>But it is if he is being a visual distraction to or obstructs the goalkeeper, right?


Not any more. FIFA changed the wording of that part of the rule a year or two ago.

The attacker can be jumping up and down right in front of the goal and waving his arms; it's not an infraction unless his teammate kicks the ball to him. The keeper should stay focused on the attacker with the ball and count on the referee to call offside if the teammate subsequently becomes directly involved in the play.

Speaking there of being a visual distraction. If the player in the offside position physically obstructs the keeper or gets directly in the path of a shot, that's offside.