You forget that the dust particle is already at maximum entropy (4 deg K), so any extra energy is immediately expeld into the surrounding sink so that will reach maximum entropy.

In your example for it to work as you say, you would have to introduce the rock (which is at a lower entropic state) it into an area of higher entropy for it to warm.

In your example of cooling you are moving the rock into a shadow (an area of lower entropy) therefore it radiates its energy into the surrounds thus bringing the new area to maximum entropy.

In the dust particle example I gave, the particle and surrounds are already at maximum entropy so any additional energy is immediately expelled thus normalizing the surrounds and bringing it to the same level of maximum entropy.

As I have said previously Entropy is a concept that not many people truly understand.

Some time ago I was involved in a project where we had to do finite analysis on a 500MW Boiler which had furnance gas turning vanes that were expanding beyond there anticipated limits causing damage to refractory which surrounded some main structural supports for the boiler,
the processes at work were quite complex, but it was found that it was the black body radiation from the furnance walls (IR) that was the cause of the unanticipated expansion. It was this analysis that brought me up to speed with how entropy works.

BTW CO2 did not effect the results much at all, even though we were working with levels of 15% or higher, this is why I reject the current Man Made Global Warming Lie that is being rammed down our throats at present.

>>>I don't think so. A particle, or group of gas atoms, gets heated up, and will eventually emit thermal radiation. There is no reason why it should "remember" where the energy came from in the first place.
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>>It is not that the particle "remembers" where the energy came from, it is that the exchange occurs that quickly (nanoseconds) that even if the particle of dust was rapidly rotating, it would only rotate maybe a couple of degrees before unloading it's excess energy back into the ether so that it can return to original state or as close to it as possible (remember the Entropic process).
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>>The original light can be reflected as either light or after being aborbed, re-emmitted as black body radiation (IR), also remember that we are talking about deep space here which is about 4 degrees Kelvin or less, if what you state was correct, with this continuous stream (24/7) of light energy being absorbed and then taking some time to re-emmit the energy it would be a lot warmer than 4 deg Kelvin.
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>Just observe, for example, a rock - and think about the consequences. If left in the sun, its temperature will gradually increase. First of all, if all energy absorbed would be immediately retransmitted, it would never get any hotter.
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>If left in the shadow, it will gradually cool. Heat energy can be transferred through three methods: conduction, convection, radiation. Convection would occur in the air close to the rock (not relevant in outer space), but not in the rock itself. Convection may be relevant in gases though. Conduction will transfer heat stored in the inside to the outside (when the object cools) or to the inside (when it heats up). Radiation will gradually dissipate energy in the infrared part of the spectrum (or visible light, at very hot temperatures).
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>A rock will take hours to heat up or cool down. A larger object, like the planet Earth, may take hundreds of thousands of years, or perhaps millions. I very much doubt that a speck of dust will finish heating up in nanoseconds; atoms in a gas, perhaps.