>>Since Vista, so-called "administrator" accounts really aren't. If you've set yourself up to use one, you're still by default running with reduced privileges. You still need to explicitly elevate to "real" administrator privileges to do a lot of stuff we took for granted under XP and earlier.
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>As an example, what would be the related operations to elevate to be a real administrator, for example, in a specific directory or for the entire drive?

You elevate a process. If you want to work with files/folders you will typically want to elevate a shell, say Windows Explorer or a CMD window.

I think elsewhere you have been shown how to run Windows Explorer as administrator. Using right-click will also work for a CMD shell.

Even then, by default you can't get into some folders such as System Volume Information. But, no-one needs access to those protected folders unless you have very specialized needs and you know exactly what you're doing.