>>Really ? That's new for me. The guillotine is doing overtime ? ;)
LOL. It was an attempted convoluted joke in the wilderness. Despite popular belief to the contrary, France's Declaration of Rights from 1789
specifically commits to the presumption of innocence until convicted, in Article 9:
Tout homme étant présumé innocent jusqu’à ce qu’il ait été déclaré coupable, s’il est jugé indispensable de l’arrêter, toute rigueur qui ne serait pas nécessaire pour s’assurer de sa personne doit être sévèrement réprimée par la loi.The second piece is interesting also. ;-) The constitutional standing of Article 9 has been strongly affirmed by French judiciary more than once.
In contrast, there's no such mention in the US constitution despite popular belief that US constitutional rights and protections are the envy of the world.
"... They ne'er cared for us
yet: suffer us to famish, and their store-houses
crammed with grain; make edicts for usury, to
support usurers; repeal daily any wholesome act
established against the rich, and provide more
piercing statutes daily, to chain up and restrain
the poor. If the wars eat us not up, they will; and
there's all the love they bear us."
-- Shakespeare: Coriolanus, Act 1, scene 1