Hey Paul.

source[1]=10
source[2]=5
source[3]=8
source[4]=1
source[5]=9
source[6]=2
source[7]=6
source[8]=7
source[9]=3
source[10]=4

for i=1 to 10
sorted[source[i]] = source[i]
endfor

so sorted[10] becomes the value of source[1] and sorted[5] gets the value of source[2] etc.

What is amazing about this branch of this topic is the semantics. The code takes an unsorted list of numbers and produced a sorted list of numbers. It does this with only one pass through the source list. Its not possible to argue that this is not the fastest possible sort (unless your a lawyer).