cClm_Ref = ThisForm.clm_ref Select * ; from elemtype ; where elemtype.claim_elem_code not in ; (Select elem_code from elements where elements.clm_ref = ?cClm_Ref)Like I said before, the VFP VD can not handle editing this view. Use Erik Moore's EVIEW utility. I, also, do not consider this very complex. But the VD can handle sub-queries, unions, more than 2 or 3 tables, etc.