>Can you explain to me the correct usage of [ and ] ? How does it differ from using quotes? It's called quote encapsulation right?

"literal" is the same as [literal]

>What is the literal here you refer to? I looked up literals in SQL statements in VFP Help and it explained defining literals with the ESCAPE clause but I see none here.
>Thanks
>
>>>SELECT * FROM client ;
>>>WHERE group_code = [&cGroupCode] ;
>>>INTO CURSOR Mycursor
>>

[&cGroupCode] forms the quote-encapsulated literal; the result of macro-expansion is encapsulated in quotes - the [] pair is a quote pair just like ""


>>**I've never seen a literal with macro-expansion and quote encapsulation. Is this all really necessary?
>>
>
>>The definition of a literal doesn't go away. You convert the memvar reference >which does go away to a literal by this