>> My tests indicate that VFP always passed objects by reference, regardless.
>
>Yes and I think this is documented somewhere.
>

You're probably right, but I haven't seen it.

>>When I first read the beginning of this thread, I wondered if the programmer may have inserted that code for fear that the variable would be passed by value, and he wanted to modify it.
>
>You can't do it if the param is passed by value (whatever you do).
>

Absolutely, but I've seen stranger things attempted.

George