I am writing this help file after finding the solution at http://www.poopoccurs.com/ and asking the permission of it's author to expand on his original document and publish it on this site.If you wish to see the original just follow the url above. This help file is not exhaustive in content so anything you are not too sure about I would firstly check your distros' documentation,check the web for help at Linux Newbies or Linux Questions.If you get no joy there then you can e-mail me at the address given below and I'll try to answer your question NB I am no Linux expert but will do what I can ok? Right first lets go through what it is you want to do : Install Linux onto an existing XP/2K/NT machine. Configure machine to give you the option to boot into either O/S So if you need other installation or Linux help then your in the wrong place but,thanks for coming. This process will be a lot easier to get through initially if you own or have access to Partition Magic 6 or 7 in either it's full form OR the two rescue disks that PM can generate because we will be creating and/or resizing partitions on your hard disk (scary huh?). Also make sure you have two virus free floppy disks handy - ONE of them MUST be formatted for use on Windows. Installation Use Partition Magic (or other) and resize the NT/2K/XP partition on your hard drive to leave sufficient free space for your new Linux installation - This will obviously all depend on your own personal needs as to how much space you can spare on your hard drive. In the free space you've just made create Linux Ext2 and swap partitions for the install - the following are really only a rough guide for sizes so consult your distro docs' or online for a helping hand. / - about 300MB should be all you need for this. swap - this should be more or less equal to the amount of RAM in your system,maybe a bit more for good luck. /usr - this is going to fill up quite a lot so try to give maybe 60% of the free space left to this partition. /home - personal programs are going to be put in this directory for each user so give the rest of the free space to this partition. Setting up partitions is all based on what you want to do on your system but for a home user/hobbyist the above should suffice to get you through initially and you can tweak it all later if needs be. Right the reason I have got you to do the partitioning with PM and not let your distro's setup software do it is because Linux does not recognise the ntfs filesystem used by NT/2K/XP and if you let it do things automatically it WILL wipe your Windows O/S off the drive completely - I know because I learned the hard way and lost use of my system for a month while I sorted out the mess,but that,as they say, is a different story. Now you can install your Linux system onto this drive BUT make sure you do the two following things :- At the setup screen for LILO make sure you do NOT install it to the MBR (Master Boot Record) of the hard drive but to the first boot partition ( / ) of your installation. i.e. if you have only one drive ( hda ) on your system do not install to hda but to the partition marked / . The boot partition is /dev/hda5 for example on my hard drive but your system may be different. <B>MAKE A BOOT DISK - THIS IS IMPORTANT AND THIS PROCESS WILL NOT WORK WITHOUT IT. </B> Use the non DOS floppy and MAKE A BOOT DISK - this is really important because initially Linux will be in accessible and the boot floppy is your ONLY way back in so DO IT!!! Right,I have been out for a metaphorical cigarette while you do that so have you finished installing Linux and have you made the boot disk? Yes , great now reboot your machine and make sure that NT/2K/XP still boots (it should as we haven't done anything to disturb it). Excellent you are ready for the tricky (trickier?) bit to get both of them up and running. OK, use the Linux boot disk to get into Linux and log on as a normal user and then as super user /root access. Change directory with the cd.. command until you are at the root drive ( / ) NOT the root directory which is /root . Type the following command df -h This will display the current file system for linux on your screen i.e. how it is partitioned and looks something like this ( your drive may differ but the output will be similar) :- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/hda 306M 91M 215M 30% / /dev/hda8 3.1G 173M 2.9G 5% /home /mnt/cdrom 615M 615M 0 100% /mnt/cdrom /dev/hda7 5.9G 713M 5.2G 12% /usr Now we are going to copy the boot portion of the boot drive ( / ) onto the DOS floppy with the following commands :- dd if=/dev/hda5 of=/bootsect.lnx bs=512 count=1 This command copies the first 512 bytes of the boot partition into the file called bootsect.lnx. LILO writes to the first 512 bytes of the boot partition so all the information LILO needs to boot properly is now contained in the file bootsect.lnx and is ready for us to copy to our DOS floppy with the following commands :- mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt cp /bootsect.inx /mnt ls /mnt ( this will check to see if the file was copied) If it is there then we're almost done so keep going. umount /mnt Now reboot XP and select the following commands :- Start----> run ----> cmd Okay? You should have opened an oldstyle DOS command line interface ( cli ) with a dos prompt ready for input.The prompt should read c:\windows> If it doesn't then cd to the windows directory and type the following command in:- attrib -r -s -h boot.ini edit boot.ini It should look something like this :- [boot loader] timeout=30 default=multi(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT [operating systems] multi(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT="Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional" /fastdetect Go to the bottom of the file and add the following line to it :- c:\bootsect.lnx="Linux" Save the file and exit back to the prompt and type attrib +r +s +h boot.ini Now cd to the c:\ directory and copy the bootsect.lnx file there with the following copy a:\bootsect.lnx c:\ Right here it is - reboot your machine and you should get menu listing the two operating systems and choosing Linux should boot you into your new O/S! I have prepared this file fairly quickly so please excuse any typos - if you think of any improvements then let me know.Hope this helps