Hi, Kevin-

Sorry to be so long in replying. I was on dial-up last week, and I don't do the UT on dial-up. Anyway...

>If I'm working with ADO I find it very confusing being in a 3-tier app, if I had the UI working with ADO recordsets, that are based on tables in the data-tier, isn't that creating a direct-link between the UI and the Data? Or have I got this method of working wrong?

I don't know how sophisticated this is, but in my mind ADO recordsets are a data layer, sorta. As are stored procedures. If a UI talks to an ADO recordset then that's a client/server, or 2 tier model, right? You're bypassing the business layer. But you haven't coupled data with the UI. (The ADO is inbetween.)