Thanks again for the quick response, Paul. You're quite a resource!

I think I'm starting to understand your suggestion, but I'm still a little unclear. Could you clarify a couple of points?

1. Wouldn't an instance of mmUserManager have to be created each time a page loads, so that it could set a reference to the Session object?

2. Even if step 1 is correct, how would a business object be able to refer to that same instance of mmUserManager? The way the factory works now, it seems like when you request an instance of mmUserManager, you will get whichever one might currently be in memory, and that instance would be shared at the application level rather than the session level. So you woulnd't be guranteed to get your own individual instance, would you?

If I've misunderstood anything about the MM framework, please correct me...